SOLUTION

While playing in the river they sprinkle cool water on each other and put wet mud on their whole body. The mud keeps their skin cool and each time when they flap their big ears like fans,the cooling process automatically gets enhanced.

SOLUTION

When Nandu and his family reachedthe banks of the river, he saw that his cousins were already there in the water. He wanted to play with them but he was a bit nervous. Then, Nandu’s mother (Amma) pushed him gently towards the water and asked him to go and play with them. This way Nandu joined them in the game.

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When they reached the jungle, they found lots of greenand fresh leaves and twigs. The members of the herd started spreading out and then each member went to eat their favourite leaves and twigs.

SOLUTION

While roaming in the afternoon,the elephants started feeling hot. Then, the oldest member of the herd suddenly trumpeted and started moving towards the jungle. This was a signal for other members of the herd to follow her.

This way they finally entered into the jungle.

SOLUTION

When Nandu woke up and opened his eyes, he found himself near the legs and trunks of his family members. Thus, it seemed to him that he is in a grey forest.

SOLUTION

Animals live in groups for certain reasons:

For Protection: Animals that are prey to other animals usually move in groups to protect themselves from their predators. For example, animals like wildebeest and zebras always move in herds. This way they can protect themselves when they are attacked by their predators (lions).

In search of food: Many animals like lions and wolves hunt in groups. This way they cooperatewith each other to hunt their prey. 

For caring theiryoung ones: The older members in a herd or group usually cooperate in caring for the young.

For building their shelter: Insects like ants, bees and termites live in colonies or big groups. They share the work among themselves and build shelters together.

SOLUTION

Answer may vary.

SOLUTION

Elephants are highly ordered and structured social animals that live in herds or groups. Usually an elephant herd has only females and baby elephants.A family may consist of 2 - 50 elephants.  The oldest female is the leader who guides all the members of the herd. The leader uses various methods of communication to guide others like touch, visual cues and audible signals.Family members show devotion, kindness and an extreme sense of support with one another.One of the main duties of the family within the herd is the childcare. Male members have to leave their herd once they reach the age of 14-15 years.

SOLUTION

Trumpeting

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Herds

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Khejadi tree

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Trees (her friends)

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The King

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c. grams

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b. 750 ml

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c. kilometres

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b. kilogram

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a.         2.8 cm

b.         28 mm

c.          3 cm

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a.         6000g = 6kg

b.         9kg = 9000g

c.          7kg = 7000g

d.         4000g = 4kg

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c. 752 grams

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Beam Balance

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(150 – 100 = 50), hence 50 ml more water can be filled in the container.

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250 millilitres

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millimetres and inches

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a.         litre

b.         kilogram

c.          centimeter and grams

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a.         metre

b.         millimetre

c.          milligram

d.         Kilogram

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Litre is a unit of measurement used to measure liquids or capacity.

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Moon is not called a luminous object because it has no light of its own. It gets its light from the Sun.

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A shadow is not formed in absence of a light source.

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The shape of the shadow is exactly similar to that of the object.

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A transparent object allows light to pass through it. Therefore a transparent object doesn’t cast a shadow.

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A shadow is formed when the light rays are blocked by an opaque object.

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a.luminous

b.non luminous

c.  transparent

d.translucent

e.opaque

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Sun light is the common source of light for us on earth.

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We need light to see things and colours around us.

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There will be darkness all around us.

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a.true

b.false

c.  true

d.false

e.false

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answer may vary

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a.         false

b.         false

c.          true

d.         false

e.         true

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c. dollar

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d. 6

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inch tape

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it is less than a metre

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 c. kilograms

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c. kilometres

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The normal length of a passenger train is 24 coaches, including pantry cars, luggage vans, etc.

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A coolie carries the luggage of the passengers to and fro from the train compartments. Each coolie has a distinct identification number etched on the armbands.

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Coolie

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There are a few book stalls, which sell magazines, newspapers and books. Passengers can pick up magazines to read on their journey.

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IRCTC stalls are meant for the convenience of passengers and they sell both water and food items.

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Sniffer dogs can detect bombs. They are there to protect and safeguard railway property and passengers.

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The government, who owns the railways, does the maintenance to make the passengers comfortable.

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It is a room on the platform with a sitting area, where people can wait.

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Today trains run either on diesel or electricity, thereby reducing atmospheric pollution.

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Earlier trains ran on steam generated by burning coal.

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An enquiry counter iswhere people can obtain information about their train's arrival the time and platform number.

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A Data display screen flashes a train's number, train's name, arrival or delay, expected time of the arriving trains and the platform number where they will be arriving.

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Rajasthan

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Bamboo bridges

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Vallam (a small wooden boat)

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iron rope

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Waste materials like an old generator, tires, planks of wood, etc.

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Since we are social beings, therefore we need to move from one place to another to meet people.

We also use different means of transports like rickshaws, bullock carts, bicycle, etc. to reach school or to transport our goods from one place to another.

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The raw materials used for making this bridge are cement, iron rods and stone chips.

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A bamboo bridge is made by tying pieces of bamboo together with the help of long ropes.

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A bridge is a structure built to provide passage over obstacles like rivers, streams, trench, etc.

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Answer may vary.

SOLUTION

Image “A” represents a cemented bridge while image “B” depicts a bamboo bridge.

Cement Bridge: A cement bridge is made up of cement and iron rods or concrete. Nowadays almost all important bridges are made up of cement or concrete because they are strong and they serve a long duration. They are durablebut the expense and the time required for making these bridges are very high. These are the fixed and permanent type of bridges which can withstand heavy loads.

Bamboo Bridge: A bamboo bridge is made by tying many bamboo sticks together. It is a temporary bridge that is mostly used for walking purposes as it cannot withstand heavy loads. These bridges are usually found in rural areas.

SOLUTION

Due to the fast and modified means of transport, people, goods and messages can move from one place to another within a short period of time.Modern and improvised means of transport are very efficient to transfer things quickly from one place to another .This has enhanced our personal relations, business and communication. As a result, it is not difficult to reach from one part of the world to another within a day or two.This contributes to the growth of our economy. This has also improved our cultural exchange. The world is rightly termed as a global village.

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Pulley

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Bamboo bridge

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Snake, lizard and sparrow.

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Crocodile

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Leopard

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skin, hair

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Elephant, dog and buffalo.

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The different skin patterns of animals are due to the hair on their skin. But, the wings of butterflies are made up of a thin layer of protein which reflects the different colour patterns of light and thus no hair is found on them.

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Those animals that lay eggs do not have ears which are visible and they have feathers on their body instead of hair.

While the animals that give birth to the young oneshave hair on their body and their ears are visible to us.

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Answer may vary.

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Answer may vary.

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Our ears are one of the most important sense organs that enable us to hear. The ears of some animals are clearly visible on their head while the ears of some animals are hidden or not visible at all.

The outer part of anyone’s ear that we see is known as pinna. The size of pinna greatly varies among animals.

For example, an elephant has big and round shaped pinna like a fan while cows or buffaloes have leaf like pinna.

We cannot see a bird’s ear. Because a bird has tiny holes on both sides of its head and these holes are covered with feathers.

We can see the same type of holes on a lizard’s head, which are actually its ears. A crocodile also has the same type of ears but we cannot see them easily.

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0ºC.

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Thermometer.

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measuring cylinder.

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1.         Celsius scale

2.         Fahrenheit scale

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mercury.

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a. False

b. False

c. True

d. False

e. True

SOLUTION

The degree of hotness and coldness of a body is called temperature.