SOLUTION

Trojan horse is similar to a virus, except that it does not replicate itself. It stays in the computer doing its damage or allows somebody from a remote site to take control of the computer.

The ways of spreading a trojan horse are: 
• Copying
• Downloading free software from websites
• Receiving a trojan horse as an email attachment
• Catching a trojan horse from a chat room or instant messaging service.

SOLUTION

We need online backup for the following reasons:
• The risk of data loss as a result of file corruption, fire, theft or other natural disasters is practically eliminated. 
• We can safely access or restore any lost files by using any PC with high-speed internet connection and a web browser interface. 
• Privacy and security are assured with encryption and password protection.

SOLUTION

The advantages and disadvantages of differential backup are: 

Advantages: 
• Differential backups require lesser disk, tape or network drive space. 
• Backup time is faster than for full or incremental backups. 

Disadvantage: 
• Restoring all your files may take considerably longer because you may have to restore both the last differential and full backup.

SOLUTION

Antivirus helps us in the following way: 
• Protects our PC against the latest viruses, spyware, and other threats. 
• Delivers fast, powerful online protection which safeguards us from cyber attacks. 
• We can chat, email and share files without worry. 
• Updates automatically, offers easy-to-use features and includes free customer support during your subscription period.

SOLUTION

The two major threats to security of software and information resources are:
a) Hacking
b) Cracking

Hacking refers to the attempts to gain information from undisclosed areas. Mostly hackers hack systems with malicious intent and damage some important system information.

SOLUTION

Online backup is a method in which your documents, files, folders or even the entire contents of a hard drive are regularly backed up on a remote server or computer with a network connection. Online backup stores your data at different location in different countries. As a result, it is impossible to lose data due to natural disaster. So, there is no risk in losing the data.

SOLUTION

It is a system designed to prevent unauthorised access from a private network. Firewalls can be implemented in both hardware and software or a combination of both. Firewalls are frequently used to prevent unauthorised internet users from accessing private networks connected to the internet, especially intranets. All messages entering or leaving the intranet pass through the firewall and examines each message and blocks that do not meet the specified security criteria.

SOLUTION

i. False

ii.True

SOLUTION

i. Vital Information Resource Under Seize

ii. anti-virus

SOLUTION

i. Spyware

ii. Viruses, Trojans

SOLUTION

Antivirus is a software that searches the hard drive and floppy disks for any viruses. The market for this kind of program has expanded because of the internet growth. 

Antivirus software will not protect you against: 
• programs that we choose to install that may contain unwanted features. 
• spam. 
• any kind of online fraud or criminal activity. 
• a hacker trying to break your computer over the internet. 
• it will not be effective if it is switched off. 
• it will be less effective if not updated with the latest signature.

SOLUTION

High-speed internet connections will obviously speed up the time it takes to back up your files and folders. Dial-up internet users could face longer times but if they do incremental backups and schedule effectively, they can save time. 
Initial backups can take from hours to days depending on the volume and size of the data that is required to back up. That's why many people take this during off-peak hours or even weekends. Time taken for subsequent and routine backups will be much shorter once the first backup is complete as only the changes or new documents will need to be copied and stored.

SOLUTION

Differential backup creates a backup of files that have changed since a full backup was performed. A differential backup typically saves only the files that are different or new since the last full backup, but this can vary in different backup programs. Together a full backup and a differential backup includes all the files on your computer. 

A differential backup might be done as follows: 
• Monday perform a full backup and save the file set. 
• Tuesday perform a differential backup using the same file set. All files that have changed since the full backup are backed up in the differential backup. 
• Wednesday perform a differential backup using the same file set. All the files that have changed since Monday’s full backup are backed up. 

Advantages: 
• Differential backups require lesser disk, tape or network drive space than incremental backups. 
• Backup time is faster than for full or incremental backups. 

Disadvantages: 
• Restoring all your files may take considerably longer because you may have to restore both the last differential and full backup. 
• Restoring an individual file may take longer because you have to locate the file on either the differential or full backup.

SOLUTION

i. True
ii. True
iii. False
iv. True

SOLUTION

i. d

ii. c

iii. b

iv. d

SOLUTION

a) False. 
b) True. 
c) True. 
d) True. 
e) False. 
f) False

SOLUTION

a) virus
b) Boot virus 
c) Anti-virus
d) Malware 
e) e-mail
f) malware

SOLUTION

i. CD and DVD

ii. Spyware is a type of malware that is installed on computers and collects information about users without their knowledge. The presence of spyware is typically hidden from the user. Typically, spyware is secretly installed on the user’s personal computer. Whereas, anti-virus software is a computer program that detects, prevents and takes action to disarm or remove malicious software programs such as viruses and worms.

iii. One specific software/tool for each of the following category are:
a. Anti-Virus – Symantec Norton anti-virus
b. Online Backup Tool – SOS Online Backup

c. Open Source Web Browser – Mozilla Firefox

d. Text Editor to create HTML pages – Notepad2

SOLUTION

(a) A malware includes computer viruses, worms, trojan horses, spyware, crimeware and other malicious and unwanted softwares. 

(b) Hacker means an expert computer programmer who enjoys figuring out the inner workings of computer systems or networks. Some have a reputation for using their expertise to illegally break into secure programs in computers hooked up to the internet or other networks. 

(c) E-Commerce is the buying and selling of products and services by businesses and consumers over the Internet. 

(d) The societal impacts of IT are: 
• Opportunities for people with disabilities due to artificial intelligence. 
• Quality of life improved due to e-commerce over Internet. 

(e) If your computer is attacked by a Trojan horse virus, it can 
• steal passwords, 
• copy sensitive data and 
• carry out any other harmful operations.

SOLUTION

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