SOLUTION

Internal memory is the primary memory that is internally connected to the computer.

SOLUTION

A computer works only with binary data. The data that a computer stores on its various memory and storage devices is in the form of 0 and 1. It is termed as 1 bit. A bit is the smallest unit of data that a computer can process. A bit stores just a 0 or 1. A group of 8 bits is called a byte.

SOLUTION

A floppy disk is a round, flat piece of Mylar plastic coated with ferric oxide and encased in a protective plastic cover. Floppy disk is read and written by a Floppy Disk Drive (FDD), which is a device that performs the basic operation on a disk, including rotating the disk and reading and writing data onto it.

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RAM stands for Random Access Memory. It is a read and write memory. Information can be written into and read from RAM. It is volatile in nature, which means that it loses its data as soon as the power is turned off.

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ROM stands for Read Only Memory. It is the computer memory on which data has been pre-recorded. It is non-volatile in nature, which means that once the data is written onto the ROM chip, it cannot be erased.

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Programs

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Hardware

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Software

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Hardware

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Instructions

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Instructions

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Software

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Touch

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a) True

b) True

c) False

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a) Anopheles mosquito

b) Brazillian wandering spider

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a) Fire ants

b) Kissing bugs

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Vaquitais the smallest species of porpoise.

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The call of Cape Penguins sounds like a donkey neighing thus known as Jackass Penguins.

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Krill is the main source of food for most of the marine animals ranging from salmon to blue whales. Hence this tiny creature plays a significant role in maintaining the balance of the ocean's eco-system.

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Hector’s Dolphin

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Major threat to corals is global climate change, in particular, increase in the number of severe storms and ocean acidification.

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The Galapagos Penguin is the most northerly breeding penguin.

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Their loud bark, playful nature makes them the welcoming party of Galapagos Island.

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The other names for Atlantic Goliath Grouper are ‘Itajara’ and Jew fish.

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Mediterranean Monk Sealis the world’s rarest seal.

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Hawksbill Turtle

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The fin whale is facing threat of extinction due to:

a.       Commercial whaling

b.      Vessel collisions 

c.       Accidently being caught up in fishing nets.

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Black-billed Gull

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Golden Parakeet

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Blue-throated Macaw

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SOLUTION

Document1

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Folders

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Some of the icons that are available on the desktop are:

• Computer icon

• Recycle Bin

•    Internet Explorer icon

SOLUTION

Microsoft Windows is the most popular operating system developed by Microsoft Corporation.

SOLUTION

An operating system is the most important software program that runs on a computer. It manages all the other programs in a computer.

SOLUTION

To select specific files from a folder, press and hold the Ctrl key on your keyboard and then click the desired files.

SOLUTION

Within Windows Explorer, locate and select the New folder button or right click and select New option to create a new folder. Type the desired name for the folder and press Enter.

 

SOLUTION

A folder is like a file cabinet in which we can store a number of files. It helps us to organize files.

SOLUTION

The steps to change the wallpaper are as follows:

• Click on the Start button and select Control Panel. The Control Panel window appears.
• Click on the Appearance and Personalization option.
• Click Change desktop background in the Control Panel under Personalization. The desktop background gallery appears.
• Select the desired background set from the Picture location list and choose an image.
• Now, click on the Save changes button. We will return to the Personalization gallery.
• Click the Close button of the Personalization gallery.

SOLUTION

The taskbar is the longest bar that runs across the bottom of the screen. It has three main sections, namely:

•     The Start button - The Start button is used to open the Start menu.

•     The Quick Launch bar - The Quick Launch bar is used to quickly access the frequently used programs. To add a program icon to the Quick Launch tool bar, simply drag the program to the Quick Launch bar.

•     The Notification area - The Notification area (also called system tray) contains the time, date and program related icons.

SOLUTION

: To create a shortcut, follow the following steps:

Locate and right-click the desired folder. Then, select Send to → desktop (create shortcut)

A shortcut folder will appear on the desktop. Now we can open the folder at any time.

Or

Hold the Alt key on the keyboard and then click and drag the folder to the desktop to create a shortcut.

SOLUTION

In Windows, files and folders are arranged in different views such as Thumbnails view, Icons View, Tiles view, List View and Details view.
 

• List view displays the content in form of a list, preceded by small icons.
• Thumbnails view displays an image on each of the folder icon.
• Details view displays detailed information about files.
• Tiles view displays files and folders as icons that are little bit larger than icons view.
• Icons View displays files and folders as small icons.

SOLUTION

Waves effect

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Drawing canvas

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Filled and unfilled shapes

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Text Tool

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Stamp Tool

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Rainbow effect draws using a brush that paints in all colours in the rainbow.

Real Rainbow effect draws a colourful arc based on the real photo of a rainbow.

SOLUTION

The selector of each tool exists at the right side of the screen. The selector shows different options of the selected tool.

SOLUTION

The main screen of Tux Paint is divided into following sections: Toolbar, Color Palette, Drawing Canvas, Selector and Help Area.

SOLUTION

Some of the magic effects are as follows:

• Drip effect makes a picture drip.
• Foam effect covers the picture with foam bubbles.
• Grass effect adds clumps of grass on the canvas.
• Edge effect outlines the edge of the picture.
• Rainbow effect draws using a brush that paints in all colours in the rainbow.
• Real Rainbow effect draws a colourful arc based on the real photo of a rainbow.
• Noise effect adds random noise to the picture.
• Smudge effect pushes the colours around as if they comprised of wet paints.
• Waves effect wiggles the picture horizontally.
• Wavelets effect wiggles the picture vertically.

SOLUTION

The Stamp tool works like a sticker or rubber stamp. This tool is used insert different pictures in the drawing canvas.

 To insert a car, follow these steps:

• Click on the Stamp tool from the Toolbar.
• Use the arrow buttons to move through the various types of stamps in the Selector.
• Click the car from the Selector and move the pointer in the drawing canvas at the desired position.

To insert planets, follow these steps:

• Search the planets in the Selector.
• Click and insert all the planets one by one to place in the drawing canvas.

SOLUTION

REPEAT

SOLUTION

RC

SOLUTION

10

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SETPC

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FD or FORWARD

SOLUTION

The Remainder command outputs the remainder on dividing a dividend by a divisor.

SOLUTION

The TEST command tests whether a condition is true or false. This command saves the input, which is true or false, for use in the next IF-TRUE or IF-FALSE condition.

SOLUTION

A condition is a comparison between two values. The various conditional operators are: IF, IF ELSE, TEST, IF TRUE and IF FALSE.

SOLUTION

THE MAKE command can be used in combination with RC, RW and RL commands. The RC or READCHAR command is used to carry out calculations involving single digit numbers. The RW or READWORD command is used to carry out calculations involving numbers with two or more digits. The RL or READLIST command is used to input a list of words or numbers.

SOLUTION

Logical operators are used to combine two or more relational expressions to evaluate a single value as true or false. AND, OR and NOT are logical operators.

SOLUTION

Polygon

SOLUTION

ERALL

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TO

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Size

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Procedure

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TO SQUARE

REPEAT 4[FD 40 RT 90]

END

SOLUTION

A command is the order or instruction we give to our computer. A chain of commands is called a LOGO procedure.

SOLUTION

The commands of the File menu are used only on procedures. This menu has the following commands: New, Load, Save, Save As, Edit, Erase and Exit.

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Hardware

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Mouse

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Hardware represents the physical components of a computer that we can touch and see. For example, keyboard, mouse, monitor, printer, CPU and webcam, etc.

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Software represents a set of programs that tells the hardware what to do and how to do it. For example, MS Office, Windows XP, etc.

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The two types of software are:

1. Application Software
2. System Software

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Plotter is a type of printer, which is used to print high quality images on very large size paper.

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Webcam is used to capture pictures and feed live video into the computer.

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Motherboard is the main board inside the CPU box where all the other parts of a computer are attached.

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MS paint: MS Paint is an application software which is used to paint and draw images.

Calculator: Calculator is an application software which is used to do mathematical calculations.

Microsoft Windows: Microsoft Windows is a system software and is the most popular software in the world.

SOLUTION

Application Software: Application software is a set of programs that helps in doing some specific work. It makes the computer easy to use. These software’s are made according to the user requirement.  Examples of Application Software are MS Paint, Calculator, Ms Office, Windows Media Player etc.

System Software: System Software controls and manages the overall activities of a computer system. It is a very important part of a computer and are used to run the application software. Examples of System Software are Operating System, Microsoft Windows, and Linux etc.

SOLUTION

a) Monitor: It is also known as Visual Display Unit. It is used to display work done by the computer to the users.

b) Scanner: It is used to scan pictures into the computer.

c) CPU: It is a processing device which processes all the data and instructions entered by the user.

SOLUTION

Three hardware devices which can be attached externally to the CPU are as follows:

a) Hard disk: It is present inside a computer to store information. It has a capacity of storing large amounts of data.

b) CD: It is used to store movies, games etc on computer.

c) Pen drive: It is used for transferring data from one computer to another.

SOLUTION

Wallpaper

SOLUTION

Screen saver

SOLUTION

Control Panel

SOLUTION

Personalization gallery

SOLUTION

Icons

SOLUTION

Thumbnails view

SOLUTION

Subfolder

SOLUTION

.ppt or .pptx

SOLUTION

2008

SOLUTION

Sir Francis Drake

SOLUTION

Roald Amundsen

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Captain James Cook

SOLUTION

Neil Alden Armstrong

SOLUTION

Drake carried out the second circumnavigation of the world, from 1577 to 1580.Elizabeth I of England awarded Drake a knighthood in 1581.

SOLUTION

Roald Amundsen led the Antarctic expedition to discover the South Pole in December 1911 and he was the first expedition leader to reach the North Pole in 1926.