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The ASCII codes for uppercase characters are from 65 to 90.

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sizeof operator returns the size of a variable or data type in bytes. The general format is sizeof(type), where type is a C++ data type.

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sizeof operator returns the size of a variable or data type in bytes. The general format is sizeof(var) (where var is a declared variable).

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NOT (!) operator has higher precedence than AND (&&) operator and OR (||) operator.

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C++ provides 6 relational operators for comparing numbers and characters, which are <,>,<=,>=,!=,==.

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Step wise process is a+ = 100+102, a+ = 202, a = 102 + 202 = 304.

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Modulus operator requires two int operands and not the float ones.

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It gives the value of expr2 if expr1 evaluates to true otherwise it gives the value of expr3.

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Ternary operators require three operands. Relational and assignment operators are binary operators.

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A binary operator requires two operands to operate upon.

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It can be used in 2 ways: size of var (where var is a declared variable) and size of type (where type is a C++ data type).

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C++ provides 6 relational operators for comparing numbers and characters, but they don’t work with strings. If the comparison is true, they result into 1, else to 0 if the comparison is false.

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Arithmetic operators are binary in nature as they perform operations on two operands.

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The logical expression to check salary range between 3000-5000 is salary>=3000 && salary<=5000. The AND ( &&) operator is used to result in true only when both conditions will satisfy. 

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A pointer is a variable that has the capability of hold address of another variable. It can't hold values, it only holds addresses.

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The condition to check whether the value of variable "x" is even or not is: x%2= =0. The % is the remainder operator that is used to compare whether the value of variable x is divisible by 2 or not.

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The compile time operator sizeof() is a unary compile-time operator that returns the length of the variable in bytes. Example-    cout << sizeof(int); The above statement will display output as 2.

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Implicit conversion is performed by compiler automatically without any intervention of user as per the standard conversion/promotion rule.

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val =2500; sale=val>1700?300:100; cout << sale; The output of the above expression will be 300 because the test condition of the ternary operator is false.

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i) ’z’ is char and char is converted to an int. ii) 5 is int. iii) therefore together the expression is int.

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The binary operators are:

1. Arithmetic Operators

3. Relational Operators

4. Conditional Operator

5. Shift Operators

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Punctuators are also called Seperators:

1. Parenthesis ( ) opening and closing, indicate parameters as  (a) Calls and (b) Functions.
   
   
2. Brackets [ ] opening and closing, indicate i) Single and ii) multidimensional array.
   
   
3. Astrisk(*) is used as (a) Multiplication sign (b) As a pointer. Astrisk * is a pointer declaration. It is a variable declaration, it denotes creation of a pointer to a data type.
   
   
4. Ellipses … it is used in a formal argument list of functions prototypes and indicates a variable number of arguments and any of data type.
   
   
5. Pound sign # Can be used single # or double ## . Single # is for (a) the preprocessor directive and (b) Double Pound sign ## is used as an operator to perform token replacements and merging during preprocessor scanning phase.

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a) Character constant must have one character that should be enclosed within single quotation marks, Eg ‘y’  , ‘n’  , ‘a’ etc.

b) String Literal is a sequence of characters surrounded by double quotes. It by default terminates with a special character ‘0’ which is a string character.
Eg: “Computer Science” is a string literal and it terminates as “Computer Science0”

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Integer constants are whole numbers without any fractional part. They follow the  following rules—

i) There must be atleast one digit 

ii) Must not contain any decimal point.

iii) It may contain either a + or a – sign.

iv) A number with no sign is assumed to be positive.

v) No commas or blanks are allowed within an integer constant. 

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There are following tokens in C++:

i)  Keywords

ii) Identifiers

iii) Literals

iv) Punctuators

v) Operators

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Result of an integer division expression is always an integer.

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Post increment operator first prints the value and then increments.

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Pre increment operator first increments the value and then prints.

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The sequence is long double, double, floats, unsigned long, long int, long and unsigned.

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Logarithm of a negative number is not possible. So it is a domain error.

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Here, operator is missing between q and a.

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Here, two operators are in continuation.

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Pre increment operator firsts increments the value and then prints the value, whereas post increment operator first prints the value and then increment it.

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Post decrement operator first prints the value , then decreases by 1,whereas pre increment operator first increases the value by 1 and then prints the value.