SOLUTION

The stem of a desert plant contain chlorophyll for photosynthesis.

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Cactus, prickly pears and date palms.

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Spines of Cactus.

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Cactus

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Hydrilla and pondweeds

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The leaves are large and flat and are present only on the upper surface of the water body.

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Floating plants are light and spongy to facilitate floating.

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Water lettuce, duck weed and water hyacinth

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Fixed plants, floating plants, underwater plants

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Aquatic plants grow in water.

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Fibrous roots are bushy in appearance.

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There are mainly two types of roots found in plants, i.e. tap roots and the fibrous roots. 

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stem, branches, leaves, flowers, fruits

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c. firefly

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b. grasshopper

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d. ant

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b. butterfly

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a. caterpillar

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a.         Silverfish

b.         Termite

c.          Ant

d.         Bee

e.         Mosquito

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a.         BUTTERFLY

b.         ANT

c.          LADYBIRD

d.         MOSQUITO

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d. ant

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a. grasshopper

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Beneficial                       Pests

1. Bee                               1. Locust

2. Beetle                            2. Bookworm

3. Silkworm                       3. ­­Cockroach­

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a.         three

b.         head

c.          abdomen

d.         six

e.         thorax

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the cockroach

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6

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honey

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The plants on hilly areas adapt in order to survive in the snowy mountains. They develop sloping branches. If they won’t, then the branches would break under the heavy load of snow.

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Fir, pine and cedar

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The trees that grow on hills are tall, straight and cone shaped with sloping branches.

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The desert plants have long roots that penetrate deep inside the soil in search of water.

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The stem helps to store water of desert plant as it has a thick waxy layer to prevent loss of water.

SOLUTION

The stem of a desert plantcontain chlorophyll for photosynthesis.

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Desert plants have spines instead of leaves to prevent loss of water. The roots penetrate deep inside the soil to absorb water.

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Cactus, prickly pears and date palms

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Neem, mango and peepal

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The divisions are:

Plants that grow in desert

Plants that grow in plains

Plants that grow in hilly areas

Plants that grow in marshy areas

Plants that grow in coastal areas

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Aquatic plants grow in water.

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Terrestrial plants grow on land

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The two divisions are:

Terrestrial plants

Aquatic plants

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The natural environment in which a plant lives or grows is known as a habitat.

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Some parts of plants have developed special features to survive in different environments. These features are called adaptations.

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Sundarban is located in west Bengal, India.

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Rhizophora apiculata (Red Mangrove), Sonneratia alba (Mangrove Apple), Phoenix padulosa (Sea Date).

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The roots of mangrove do not get sufficient air inside the damp soil. Hence they emerge out from the soil.

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Breathing roots

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Mangrove

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Cuckoo and Ostrich

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a) POULT

b) CHICK

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a) False

b) True

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Orthinologist is the person who studies about birds.

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a) Wings are the parts of the body of birds.

b) Young one of baby ostrich is called hatchlings.

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Embryo appears as a red spot in the yolk.

After few days, eyes with other body parts appear.

After few more days egg hatches and baby bird comes out of the egg.

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Egg consists of four parts:

a) Egg shell: Thin protective shell that covers the egg is called egg shell.

b) Albumen: Within egg shell, there is white jelly like structure called albumen.

c) Yolk: The inner portion of the egg is yolk.

d) Embryo: Inside yolk is the embryo which later develops into chick.

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a) Squab

b) Chick

c) Duckling

d) Peachick

e) Chick

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a) Beaks

b) Claws

c) Wings

d) Feathers

SOLUTION

answer may vary

SOLUTION

b. ladybug

SOLUTION

d. fly

SOLUTION

d. mosquito

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d. bee

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The structure of a flower includes sepals, petals, pistils and stamens. The outer most whorls consist of sepals. The whorl of petals is located inside the whorl of sepals. They are the most attractive part of a flower. Next, is the male reproductive part of a flower called stamen and the female reproductive part of a flower called pistil.

SOLUTION

Fresh foods are better than tinned foods as they contain more minerals and vitamins. Also they do not have any preservatives.

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The given cyclical depiction can be of wheat.

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Flour or ‘atta’

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When in the same field, two or more crops are grown, it is known as intercropping.

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Rice is grown in one season and wheat in another.

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The same crop depletes certain mineral from the soil and leaves it less fertile.

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Farmers rotate different crops in the same field in different seasons. This is done to enhance the mineral content of soil.

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In the factory, the wheat is grounded into a fine powder known as flour or ‘atta’.

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Grains like wheat are straightaway taken to a factory for processing.

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A retailer is a shopkeeper who buys products from the wholesaler to sell it to the customers.

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The wholesalers sell the food items to vendors or shopkeepers. They are collectively called retailers.

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Mandis are places where fruits, vegetables, grains etc are sold to the wholesalers at a rate lower than the market price.

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From the godowns, the grains are sent to the wholesale market or ‘mandis’ by trucks.

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The grains are packed in sacks and put in special places known as godowns.

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The removal of husk from the grain is known as winnowing. 

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The process of removing grains from the plants is known as threshing.

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Ploughing

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Tinned food

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In marshy area soil is covered with water, therefore the roots emerge from the soil and water to breathe. Such roots are called breathing roots. So in this way mangrove plants are able to survive in wet mud with low oxygen levels.

SOLUTION

The places where the soil is very sticky and clayey are called marshy areas. The trees that grow here are known as mangroves.

SOLUTION

Since the soil in marshy areas is covered with water, therefore the roots emerge from the soil and water to breathe. Such roots are called breathing roots.

SOLUTION

Plants in these areas are adapted to grow in salty water. They have lots of leaves and do not shed them throughout the year.

SOLUTION

Mangrove plants flourish well at the coastal landscape where freshwater of rivers meets with the salty water of the sea.  

SOLUTION

The circled part is known as cone generally found in all coniferous trees. It is a reproductive part of the tree in which seeds are produced.

SOLUTION

The leaf of the coniferous tree is needle shaped. These trees usually grow in cold regions. The shape of the leaf helps it to slide off snow easily.